This can be confusing for people to grasp, but it's a relatively straightforward concept. The essential parts to understand are:. Full Frame - A full frame camera is a camera that has a sensor that is physically the same size as the 35mm film used in film cameras. Specifically it is 36mm wide by 24mm high. This sensor size is used as the standard size unit across all camera styles, and lens and camera specs in cameras with different sized sensors are generally compared to their equivalence in full frame terms.
As such, full frame sensors are said to have a crop factor of 1. Physically, the camera sensors are As a result, they has a crop factor of 2. So, what does this mean for you? Basically, it all comes down to crop factor. Crop factor is the difference in the focal length required to get the same field of view between a full frame camera and a Micro Four Thirds camera. For example, say you wanted to get the same field of view on your Micro Four Thirds camera as you'd get by using a full frame camera with a 50mm lens.
If you just stood in the same place and put a 50mm lens on your Micro Four Thirds camera, that would instead give you the same field of view as a mm lens on a full frame camera. Similarly, if you wanted to get the same focal length using your Micro Four Thirds camera as you'd get when you use a mm lens on a full frame camera, you now know that you'd use a 75mm lens. We can see this in practice by looking at the kit lens focal length for each system.
On full frame cameras, a kit lens is typically mm. On Micro Four Thirds the kit lens is typically mm. Basically, if you take whatever lens you want to use on your Micro Four Thirds camera and multiply it by two this tells you what lens on a full frame camera would give you an equivalent field of view. So if you hear people talking about how great their 85mm full frame lens is for portraits, you know you'll want about a 42mm lens for equivalent performance on your Micro Four Thirds system.
Micro Four Thirds cameras have a 2x crop factor compared to full frame. Even though Micro Four Thirds cameras have come a long way with low light performance in recent years, they don't perform as well as full frame cameras in dark environments. Full frame sensors will almost always perform better at high ISOs, producing less noise than a Micro Four Thirds sensor. This is because the sensor simply isn't large enough to compensate for the reduced light. However, the gap is closing, and with a fast aperture lens you can still achieve great quality images in low light with a Micro Four Thirds camera.
Finally, since the sensors in Micro Four Thirds cameras are physically smaller than full frame, they tend to have less resolution. Full frame sensors these days range between about 25 - 60 MP, while at the moment the highest resolution Micro Four Thirds sensor is 20 MP.
This isn't as bad as it seems though. Despite what the marketing material of some full frame camera manufacturers may have you believe, 20 MP is still more than enough for most uses. Learn more about sensor resolution in our article How Many Megapixels is Enough? Despite lower resolutions and low light performance compared to full frame, Micro Four Thirds cameras still produce exceptional image quality, and their sizing and pricing differences compared to full frame makes them an excellent value proposition for the discerning photographer.
They're a great option for people who want the flexibility of a full frame camera but aren't willing to pay top dollar or deal with very large cameras and lenses. Micro Four Thirds cameras are continuing to increase in popularity. Due to the range of options is can be overwhelming to find the right Micro Four Thirds camera to suit your needs, especially if you're new to this type of camera.
We've done the research for you and rounded up eight of the best Micro Four Thirds cameras available, and we have mini-reviews below. Extremely popular with travellers and people new to the Micro Four Thirds world, the Olympus E-M10 III allows you to get excellent picture quality at a fraction of the price you'd spend on the full frame counterparts.
It's a very cost-effective option that delivers crisp and clear photographs, and the lightweight design makes it easy to slip into your bag. It has an abundance of manual control options that allow you to experiment with your settings and learn how they correlate to one another, and it's an excellent starter camera with considerable room for growth.
This compact and stylish camera features a rangefinder body design that is sleek and durable. A strong option for wildlife or landscape photographers, the tilting viewfinder allows you to shoot at different angles.
It features a very simple and user-friendly design, and it works well for intermediate photographers who want a camera with a little more flexibility and range.
It has a durability that ensures it'll survive rugged terrain and unfavourable weather conditions. It's a very high-performing camera in a very compact and lightweight size, featuring impressive autofocus performance and burst shooting features.
If you don't need the ridiculous performance that you'd get with the more expensive E-M1X, this camera is a viable option because you still get crisp and sharp images wrapped in a rugged design. The GH5 is Panasonic's high-end video shooter that works for those adventurers that want to capture every moment in clear and bold video format.
It's widely considered to be one of the best video shooters on the market, and it gives you 6K photos, 4K video at 60 fps and bit internal recording capabilities. All of this means that you'll get clear video in a high resolution, no matter where you're shooting.
This is Panasonic's high-end photo shooter that features good video shooting capabilities as well. You get exceptional image quality when you shoot with this camera, and it features fast burst shooting capabilities that make it popular with wildlife and sporting event photographers. The in-body stabilisation system ensures that you'll get crisp and clean images, whether you shoot photo or videos. Any videographer on a budget should look at the Panasonic G7.
Get one in your hands and see just what these cameras can do. Small, user-friendly, gorgeous looks, and affordable, the Olympus E-PL9 can slip into your bag or jacket pocket and can go anywhere with you. Here are the pros and cons from our full review:. It has gorgeous retro looks, a fully articulating screen, the same blazing-fast autofocus, a Pair all this with the Olympus mm f3. Here are the pros and cons from our review:. Being outside means your gear is going to get dirty rather quickly.
We recommend you carry a basic cleaning kit with you at all times so you can wipe off any dirt, dust, or water. It packs a tremendous megapixel sensor, 5-axis in-body image stabilization, ultra-fast autofocus, creates gorgeous RAW and JPEG files, and fires off ten frames per second. Pair it with the Olympus 17mm f1. Because of the mirrorless design and the smaller sensor, many Micro Four Thirds cameras are extremely compact. This also allows for smaller lenses, meaning many camera and lens setups can easily be carried in a coat pocket.
This understandably makes them extremely popular for travel photography. Many photographers also use Micro Four Thirds systems as backup or secondary cameras behind a full-frame setup. Third party manufacturers have also joined the party, further increasing the already burgeoning lens selection. For example, things like 4k photo mode, 6k video, in-camera stabilization and high resolution stacking have all been pioneered by Micro Four Thirds.
This drops to a still impressive 18fps in continuous autofocus mode, making it ideal for action and wildlife photographers. Need more? It also records Cinema 4k at 24fps and standard 4k at 30fps, high speed video as well as boasting 5-axis in camera stabilization up to 7. The little brother to the more expensive Panasonic GH5 below, the Panasonic Lumix G9 is perfect for those who pursue both photography and videography.
The 20 megapixel sensor is the same as that in the GH5 and offers gorgeous image quality, and the 6. It also offers High Resolution mode, yielding a RAW file of some 80 megapixels, 20fps burst mode and a host of video options. These include 60fps 4k video capabilities, with the added benefit of being able to pull single frames out in 4k photo mode. The Olympus Pen-F weighs in at just over grams but still managed to pack in a beasty 20 megapixel sensor and a host of impressive features.
Sporting the same sensor as its slightly cheaper brother, the Panasonic G9, the GH5 packs a host of video features to nudge it more towards the videographers out there.
The low pass optical filter has been removed to increase image sharpness and an upgraded processor offers improved performance.
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